Multiplying and dividing

Multiplying and dividing: I can multiply and divide, say what a remainder means, and find multiples and factors.

1. Here is a row of 6 cupcakes.

   Here come 3 more rows of 6. Count in 6s: 6, 12, 18, 24.

   4 rows of 6 make 24. 4 × 6 = 24

   24 cupcakes in rows of 6 make 4 rows. 24 ÷ 6 = 4

   Picture: An array of 4 rows of 6 cupcakes. The rows are counted in 6s: 6, 12, 18 and 24.

2. Your turn: Here are 3 rows of seedlings, with 5 seedlings in each row. 3 × 5 = ?

   Picture: An array of 3 rows of 5 seedlings.

   Choose one:

   • 8
   • 15
   • 20

   Answer

   The answer: 15

   5, 10, 15. So 3 × 5 = 15

   Picture: An array of 3 rows of 5 seedlings. The rows are counted in 5s: 5, 10 and 15.

3. Here are 4 rows of chairs, with 12 chairs in each row. Let's find 4 × 12 from facts we know.

   Split each row into 10 chairs and 2 chairs.

   4 × 10 = 40 and 4 × 2 = 8

   40 + 8 = 48, so 4 × 12 = 48

   Picture: An array of 4 rows of 12 chairs. A gap splits it after 10 columns, into 4 rows of 10 chairs and 4 rows of 2 chairs.

Words to know

multiply:

Find how many in equal groups. 4 × 6 means 4 groups of 6.

divide:

Share into equal groups, or find how many equal groups there are.

carry:

When a column makes 10 or more, move the ten into the next column.

remainder:

What is left over when a number does not divide exactly.

multiple:

A number in a times table. 24 is a multiple of 4.

factor:

A number that divides another number exactly. 4 is a factor of 24.