Network ports, protocols and secure alternatives

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Identify common TCP and UDP ports and match them to their protocols and services, including FTP 20/21, SSH 22, Telnet 23, SMTP 25, DNS 53, DHCP 67/68, HTTP 80, POP3 110, IMAP 143, LDAP 389, HTTPS 443, SMB/CIFS 445, RDP 3389, and file-sharing or remote-access services named in the exam objectives.
Differentiate connectionless and connection-oriented traffic at a high level by recognising whether a listed protocol commonly uses TCP or UDP.

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Select the secure alternative when a legacy insecure protocol is presented, especially SSH instead of Telnet, SFTP instead of FTP, and HTTPS instead of HTTP.

Interpret simple network scenarios to determine which port or protocol must be allowed, blocked, or configured for a service to function.

Apply protocol and port knowledge to troubleshooting-style questions involving email, name resolution, web access, file transfer, remote desktop, and directory services.

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