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Chromosomes, linkage, sex determination and sources of variation

Inheritance, variation and populations · Lesson 3 of 4

Lesson 3 of 4

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Lesson 3 of 4 · Inheritance, variation and populations

Chromosomes, linkage, sex determination and sources of variation

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Describe chromosome structure in terms of DNA associated with proteins and explain the relationship between chromosomes, genes, loci and alleles.
Explain autosomes and sex chromosomes and apply knowledge of chromosomal sex determination, including XX/XY inheritance and sex-linked inheritance where specified.

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Describe crossing over during prophase I of meiosis and explain how recombination produces new allele combinations.

Distinguish between genetic variation and environmental variation, and explain how mutation, meiosis, random fertilisation and environmental influences contribute to phenotypic variation.

Interpret data on discontinuous and continuous variation, recognising the roles of genes, environment and polygenic inheritance where specified.

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