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Circulation, haemoglobin and tissue fluid

Exchange and transport · Lesson 4 of 4

Lesson 4 of 4

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Lesson 4 of 4 · Exchange and transport

Circulation, haemoglobin and tissue fluid

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Describe the double circulatory system in mammals and explain the sequence of blood flow through the heart, lungs and body, using the terms pulmonary and systemic circulation.
Relate the structures of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins to their functions in transport, exchange and control of blood flow.

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Describe the components of blood and explain the roles of plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets in transport, defence and clotting.

Explain how haemoglobin transports oxygen, interpret oxygen dissociation curves, and explain the significance of affinity changes, including the Bohr effect and adaptation to differing oxygen demands.

Explain the formation of tissue fluid from blood plasma by hydrostatic pressure, the return of water by oncotic effects at the venous end of capillaries, and the role of the lymphatic system in returning excess tissue fluid to the blood.

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