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Human health, disease prevention and risk factors

Disease, immunity and health · Lesson 1 of 5

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Lesson 1 of 5 · Disease, immunity and health

Human health, disease prevention and risk factors

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By the end you’ll be able to

Define health and disease, distinguishing communicable disease from non-communicable disease and explaining how health may be affected by physical, mental and social factors.
Explain how genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices and environmental influences act as risk factors in diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, type 2 diabetes and lung disease.

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Interpret and evaluate epidemiological data showing correlations between risk factors and disease, recognising limitations such as sample size, bias, confounding variables and the difference between correlation and causation.

Explain how smoking, diet, alcohol, inactivity, pollution, radiation and pathogens can increase the likelihood of disease through effects on cells, tissues, organs and body systems.

Apply knowledge of public-health measures and individual behaviour change to explain how disease incidence can be reduced at population level.

Evaluate prevention strategies including education, vaccination, screening, sanitation and lifestyle intervention in terms of effectiveness, cost, ethics and reliability of the supporting evidence.

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