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Regulation of gene expression and epigenetics

Gene expression and biotechnology · Lesson 1 of 3

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Lesson 1 of 3 · Gene expression and biotechnology

Regulation of gene expression and epigenetics

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Explain why not all genes are expressed in all cells at all times, relating differential gene expression to cell specialisation, development and environmental response.
Describe and apply mechanisms of gene regulation in prokaryotes, including the role of regulatory genes, repressor proteins, operator regions and inducible enzymes in operon models such as the lac operon.

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Explain regulation of transcription and translation in eukaryotes, including the roles of transcription factors, promoter regions, activators and repressors, and the control of mRNA processing and translation where specified.

Interpret how steroid hormones influence gene expression through intracellular receptors and activation of transcription.

Explain epigenetic modification, including DNA methylation and histone modification, and evaluate how these changes alter chromatin structure, transcription and phenotype without changing the DNA base sequence.

Apply knowledge of epigenetics to examples such as cell differentiation, genomic imprinting, environmental effects and inheritance of epigenetic marks where these remain through cell division.

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