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Transition-metal complexes, ligands and stereochemistry

Transition metals and inorganic analysis · Lesson 2 of 4

Lesson 2 of 4

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Lesson 2 of 4 · Transition metals and inorganic analysis

Transition-metal complexes, ligands and stereochemistry

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Define the terms ligand, coordinate bond, coordination number and complex ion, and classify ligands as monodentate, bidentate or multidentate using named examples such as $\ce{H2O}$, $\ce{NH3}$, $\ce{Cl^-}$, $\ce{CN^-}$, $\ce{en}$ and $\ce{EDTA^{4-}}$.
Draw, interpret and construct formulae for transition-metal complexes, including charges, oxidation states, coordination numbers and the number of ligands attached to the metal centre.

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Write equations for formation of complex ions and for ligand substitution reactions, including replacement of water ligands by $\ce{NH3}$, $\ce{Cl^-}$ or other ligands, and relate these changes to observed colour changes.

Explain the chemistry of bidentate and multidentate ligands, including chelation and the formation of more stable ring complexes.

Identify and explain stereoisomerism in transition-metal complexes, including geometrical isomerism in square-planar and octahedral complexes and optical isomerism in suitable octahedral complexes with bidentate ligands.

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