The heart, lungs, blood and non-communicable disease

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Describe the structure of the heart, the double circulatory system and the natural pacemaker, and explain how arteries, veins and capillaries are adapted to their functions
Describe the components of blood (plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) and their functions
Describe the structure of the lungs and explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange; calculate rates such as blood flow or breathing rate from data

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Explain how risk factors (diet, smoking, alcohol, exercise, obesity) are linked to non-communicable diseases including cancer, and distinguish correlation from causation in health data; (Edexcel) calculate BMI and waist:hip ratio

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