NMR spectroscopy for structure determination

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Explain the origin of NMR signals in terms of nonequivalent nuclei in different chemical environments and the use of a reference standard.
Interpret $^1\text{H}$ NMR spectra using chemical shift, peak area and splitting patterns to determine the number, type and neighbouring relationships of proton environments.

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Interpret $^{13}\text{C}$ NMR spectra, where required, to determine the number of distinct carbon environments and identify likely carbon types from chemical shift data.

Use NMR data together with molecular formula, infrared spectra, mass spectra and known reactions to deduce complete structures of organic compounds.

Evaluate whether a proposed structure is consistent with all spectral evidence, including symmetry, integration ratios and the number of signals expected.

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